Gaar ah IP Adreeska IPIP (APIPA) waa nidaam ku-meel-gaar ah ee DHCP ee Internetka Protocol-ka ee xaafadda 4 (IPv4) oo ay taageerayaan Microsoft Windows. Iyadoo APIPA, macmiilayaasha DHCP waxay heli karaan cinwaanada IP markii ay DHCP-du yihiin kuwo aan shaqaynayn. APIPA waxay leedahay dhammaan noocyada casriga ee Windows ooy ku jiraan Windows 10.
Sidee ayuu APIPA u shaqeeyaa
Xidhiidhada loo sameeyay si loogu jawaabo jawi adoo ku tiirsanaya adeegga DHCP si loo maareeyo barkadda cinwaanada IP-ga ee jira. Mar kasta oo qalabka macaamiisha Windows isku dayey inuu ku biiro shabakadda maxalliga ah, waxay la xiriirtaa serverka DHCP si ay u codsadaan cinwaanka IP-ga. Haddii adeegga DHCP uu joojiyo shaqeynta, qalalaasuhu wuxuu farageliyaa codsiga, ama arrin ka mid ah waxay ku dhacdaa qalabka Windows, geeddi-socodkani wuu ku guuldareyn karaa.
Marka geedi socodka DHCP uu ku guuldareysto, Windows ayaa si toos ah u qoondeeya cinwaanka IP-ga ee khadka gaarka ah 169.254.0.1 illaa 169.254.255.254 . Isticmaalka ARP , macaamiishu waxay xaqiijinayaan cinwaanka APIPA ee la doortay waa mid u gaar ah shabakad inta aan go'aan laga gaarin isticmaalka. Macaamiisha ayaa markaa sii wadaya inay dib u hubiyaan adeega DHCP ee muddadaa ah (inta badan 5 daqiiqo) oo cusboonaysii cinwaankooda si toos ah marka serverka DHCP uu mar kale awood u yeelan karo codsiyada adeegga.
Dhamaan qalabyada APIPA waxay isticmaalaan maaskarada shabakada ee caadiga ah 255.255.0.0 dhammaantoodna waxay ku nool yihiin isla subnetka .
APIPA waxay u saamaxdaa default default Windows marka kasta interface interface PC loogu talagalay DHCP. In Windows ee adeegyada sida ipconfig , doorashadan waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Autoconfiguration." Muujinta waxaa curyaan u ah maamulaha kumbuyuutarka adigoo ku hagaajinaya Diiwaanka Windows isla markaana dejinta qiimaha hoose ee soo socda:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SYSTEM / CurrentControlSet / Adeegyada / TcpipParameters / IPAutoconfigurationEnabled
Maamulayaasha shabakada (iyo kuwa isticmaala kombuyutarada) waxay gartaan cinwaanadaas gaarka ah inay ku guuldareystaan hanaanka DHCP. Waxay tilmaamayaan xallinta dhibaatooyinka shabakada si loo ogaado loona xalliyo arrinta (yada) ee ka hortagga DHCP in ay si habboon u shaqaynayaan.
Xaddidaadaha APIPA
Cinwaanada APIPA kuma dhacaan mid ka mid ah khadadka IP-ga gaar ahaaneed ee lagu qeexay habka Internet Protocol-ka laakiin weli waa la xaddidaa isticmaalka shabakadaha gudaha kaliya. Sida cinwaanada gaarka ah ee IP-ga, baaritaanada ping ama codsiyada kale ee isku xira internetka iyo shabakadaha kale ee dibedda looma dhigi karo qalabyada APIPA si toos ah.
Qalabka loo habeeyey APIPA ayaa la xiriiri kara qalabka astaamaha ah ee shabakadooda maxaliga ah laakiin ma gudbin karo meel ka baxsan. Inkastoo APIPA macaamiisha Windows ay bixiso cinwaanka IP-ga la adeegsan karo, macmiilka ma siinayo cinwaan ( DNS ama WINS ) iyo cinwaanada shabakadda gateway sida DHCP.
Shabakadaha maxaliga ah waa inaysan isku dayin in ay si isdaba-yaal ah u xakameeyaan cinwaanada APIPA -yada kale ee khilaafka IP-ga ayaa keenaya. Si loo sii wado faa'iidada APIPA waxay muujineysaa in DHCP guuldareysato, maamulayaasha waa in ay iska ilaaliyaan adigoo isticmaalaya cinwaanada ujeedooyinka kale oo bedelkana waxay xadidaan shabakadahooda si ay u isticmaalaan bedelka IP-ga ee caadiga ah.