Nidaamyada nidaamka nidaamka nidaamka caadiga ah ma aysan bedelin wax badan oo qarnigii la soo dhaafay, sidaas darteed fikradda tiknoolajiyada kala-wareegsan waxay u taagan tahay isbeddel baddeed oo baabuurta iyo dadwaynaha waaweynba ay labaduba diidan yihiin inay qaataan. Inkasta oo nidaamyada hiddaha dhaqameedu ay leeyihiin arimahooda, waxaa jira wax lagu kalsoonaan karo oo leh xiriir toos ah oo dhexmara cagahaaga iyo tuubooyinka fariinta ama kabaha ku yaal afarta geesood ee gaarigaaga. Nidaamka farsamadu wuxuu jebiyaa xidhiidhka, taas oo ah sababta tiknoolijiyada loo arko inay tahay mid ka sii khatar badan xakamaynta xakamaynta elektaroonigga ama xataa xargaha xargaha .
Dabeecadda Raaxada ee Fidiyeyaasha Hidaha
Habka nidaamyada nidaamka nidaamka dhaqdhaqaaqeedku uu shaqeynayey muddo tobanaan sano ah waa in hoos loo dhigo fareebka fareebka taasoo keenta cadaadiska hargabka oo markaas loo isticmaalo in lagu dhaqaajiyo kabaha kabaha ama furayaasha. Nidaamka qadiimka ah, pedalku wuxuu si toos ah u shaqeeyaa qaybta hidaha ee loo yaqaanno silylob master. Nidaamyada casriga ah, xoojiye farta ah, badanaa ku shaqeeya vacuum, wuxuu kor u qaadaa awoodda pedala waxayna u sahlaysaa in la jabiyo.
Marka boodhka weyni yahay mid firfircoon, wuxuu keenaa cadaadiska hargabka ee khadadka saliida. Cadaadiskaasi wuxuu markaa ka dib ku shaqeeyaa silsiladaha addoonta ee ku yaalla muraayad kasta, taas oo xoqaaya duufaanta inta u dhexeysa boomaatada fareebka ama kabaha joodariyadeed ee gadaal u riixaya duufaan.
Hababka tamarta casriga casriga ah ayaa ka adag tan, laakiin waxay weli ka shaqeeyaan mabda'a guud. Korontada ama fiilooyinka gawaarida xakameynaya waxay yareeyaan xadiga awoodda uu darawalku ku codsanayo, iyo tiknoolajiyada sida bareegyada lidka ku ah dabka iyo nidaamka xakamaynta xakamaynta ayaa awood u leh inay si toos ah u dhaqaajiyaan ama u sii daayaan bareegyada.
Baabuurta korontada iyo fiilada korontada ku shaqeeya ayaa caadiyan loo adeegsaday kaliya gawaarida. Maaddaama tareenada hore ay leeyihiin fiilooyinka koronto ee laydhka shidaalka oo soo rogaya calaamadaha, waa arrin sahlan oo lagu xiro siligga mashiinka korontada ama korontada. Teknoolojiyada kuwan oo kale ah ayaa laga heli karaa laba ka mid ah OEMs, laakiin dabeecadda amniga ah ee bareeraha ee bareeraha ayaa keentay warshad baabuur oo ku kalifeysa in ay qaataan tiknoolajiyada kala-baxsan ee farsamada wax kasta oo dhab ah.
Baabuurta Fiilada Kumbuyuutarka Kumbuyuutar Jooji
Dalagga hadda jira ee nidaamka jaban ayaa isticmaalaya habka korontada ku shaqeeya oo aan si buuxda elektaroonik ahayn. Nidaamyadani waxay leeyihiin nidaamyo hidde-wade ah, laakiin darawalku si toos ah uma dhaq-dhaqaaqin bacrimiyaha mulkiilaha adigoo riixaya bareegga. Taa baddalkeeda, silsiladda sayniska waxaa loo adeegsadaa mashiinka korantada ama mishiinka kaas oo lagu maamulo unug xukun.
Marka fareebka fareebka lagu cadaadiyo nidaamka korontada-korontada, cutubka kantaroolka wuxuu u adeegsanayaa macluumaad badan oo ka mid ah dareemayaasha si loo ogaado ilaa inta awoodda gawaarida ay u baahan tahay. Nidaamku wuxuu markaa ku dari karaa xaddiga lagama maarmaanka ah ee cadaadiska hidde-celinta ee periper kasta.
Farqiga kale ee ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya hannaanka tamarta-korontada iyo hannaanka hiddaha ee dhaqameedku waa cadaadis badan oo ku lug leh. Nidaamka fiilooyinka qalabka korontada ayaa sida caadiga ah ku shaqeeya cadaadis badan oo ka badan hababka dhaqanka. Nalalka birta ayaa ku shaqeeya qiyaastii 800 PSI marka loo eego xaaladaha wadista wadooyinka caadiga ah, halka Sensotronic nidaamka korontada ku shaqeeyaa ay cadaadiyaan inta u dhexeysa 2,000 ilaa 2,300 PSI.
Nidaamka Farsamada Xaqiiqda ah ee Farsamada Xakamaynta Naqshada
Inkastoo moodooyinka wax soo saarku wali isticmaalaan nidaamyada korantada-korontada, tiknoolajiyadda dhabta ah ee farsamo-gaaban ayaa ka baxsan hydraulics gebi ahaanba. Tiknoolajiyadaani ma aysan soo bandhigin noocyada wax soosaarka sababtoo ah dabeecadda amniga-adag ee nidaamka jabsiga, laakiin waxa ay hoos u dhacday cilmi baaris iyo tijaabo.
Marka laga reebo bareegyada korontada ku shaqeeya, dhammaan qaybaha nidaamka farsamada-korontada waa elektaroonik. Calipers waxay leeyihiin farsamo-yaqaano elektaroonig ah halkii laga heli lahaa silsiladaha guluubka galka, iyo wax kasta waxaa si toos ah u maamulaya unug xukunka ah halkii laga heli lahaa silsilad sare oo sare. Nidaamyadani waxay sidoo kale u baahan yihiin dhowr qalab oo dheeraad ah, oo ay ku jiraan heerkulbeegga, xoogga xarkaha, iyo dareemayaasha booska dejiyeyaasha ee masalan kasta.
Farsamooyinka farsamada yaryar waxaa sidoo kale ku jira shabakadaha isgaadhsiinta ee adag, maaddaama kaliye kasta uu helayo macluumaad badan oo faahfaahsan si loo soo saaro qadarka saxda ah ee gaaska. Iyadoo ay sabab u tahay dabeecadda amniga ah ee nidaamyadan, waxaa caadi ahaan ah in ay noqdaan baska dib-u-cusbooneysiinta, oo ah baska labaad si uu u bixiyo xog cayriin ah calipers.
Arrinta Nabdoonaanta Nabadgelyada ee Farsamo-Farsamo-Farsamo
Inkasta oo nidaamyada korontada iyo korontada ku shaqeeyaa ay ka ammaan badan yihiin hababka dhaqameed, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay isdhexgalka weyn ee ABS, ESC, iyo tiknoolajiyada kale ee la midka ah, welwelka amniga ayaa dib u celiyay. Nidaamyada nidaamka nidaamka caadiga ah waa la qaban karaa oo aan dhicin, laakiin kaliya halista ba'an ee cadaadiska hiddaha ayaa gabi ahaanba burburin doona darawalka karti-galinta joojinta ama gaabinta, iyadoo nidaamyada dabiiciga ah ee dabiiciga ah leh ay leeyihiin tiro badan oo ah natiijooyin guuldarro ah.
Shuruudaha hirgelinta, iyo tilmaamaha kale ee horumarinta nidaamyada ammaan ee muhiimka ah sida jajab-qaboojiyaha, waxaa lagu maamulaa heerarka amniga shaqeeya sida ISO 26262
Yaa bixiya farsamo-farsamo-farsamo?
Dib udajinta iyo nidaamyada awood u leh inay la shaqeeyaan tiro yar oo xog ah ayaa ugu dambayn samayn doonta tiknooloojiyada farsameysan ee farsamada casri ah oo ku filan in la korsanayo, laakiin markaa markaa kaliya labo ka mid ah OEMs ayaa tijaabiyay nidaamyada korontada ku shaqeeya.
Toyota ayaa marka hore soo bandhigtay habka fiilooyinka korontada ku shaqeeya ee 2001-dii ee Estima Hybrid, iyo kala duwanaanta tiknoolajiyada Elektaroonikada ah (ECB) ayaa la heli karaa tan iyo tan. Tiknoolajiyada ayaa markii ugu horreysay ka muuqatay Maraykanka sannadkii 2005-ka oo leh Lexus RX 400h.
Tusaale ahaan tiknoolajiyada farsamo-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar-yar ee lagu guul-darreystay in la furo waxay ahayd markii Mercedes-Benz uu soo jiiday nidaamkii Control Control System (SBC), kaas oo sidoo kale loo soo bandhigay sanadkii 2001. Nidaamka ayaa si rasmi ah loo jiiday 2006 kadib markii dib loo soo celiyay 2004tii, iyadoo Mercedes ay sheegatay in ay bixinayso hawl isku mid ah nidaamkeeda SBC iyada oo loo marayo nidaam shidaal dhaqameed oo dhaqameed.